A | 央视网消息：近期，一条网传视频引发公众热议。
B | (ECNS) -- An "Ice Silk Road" is emerging in the Arctic, offering China and Europe a shorter maritime link and, more importantly, a new option for navigating an increasingly uncertain global trading environment. Chinese container shipping company Sea Legend Line has announced plans to launch the first regular container service across the Arctic. The route is set to begin its maiden voyage on Saturday and will operate weekly, with eight voyages scheduled. The route underwent a trial voyage last autumn. In September 2025, the container ship "Istanbul Bridge" departed from Ningbo-Zhoushan Port and arrived at the Port of Felixstowe in the United Kingdom 20 days later. The new China-Europe Arctic Express will pass through the Bering Strait and sail westward along the Northeast Passage, reaching Felixstowe in the United Kingdom in just 18 to 20 days before connecting with ports in Germany, the Netherlands and Poland. By comparison, shipments from China's Ningbo-Zhoushan Port to Europe via the Suez Canal typically take at least 40 days. Rerouting around the Cape of Good Hope due to congestion or geopolitical disruptions can extend transit times to more than 50 days. The Arctic route could offer significant advantages in both speed and cost. Faster deliveries would allow Chinese manufacturers to reduce inventory levels and accelerate cash flow. Reports suggest that companies using the route could cut inventories by as much as 40%. The naturally low temperatures along the route could also make it suitable for transporting high-value, temperature-sensitive cargo, including precision instruments and new-energy batteries. Carbon emissions are expected to be nearly half those of traditional routes, according to reports. The route also bypasses major maritime chokepoints and areas affected by geopolitical tensions, including the Strait of Malacca, the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. This could provide companies with an additional option for improving the stability and resilience of their supply chains. However, the route also faces significant challenges. Sea ice limits the navigable season to roughly late July through October, while port services, supplies and emergency-response infrastructure along the route remain limited. It therefore cannot yet operate year-round and is unlikely to replace the Suez Canal route in the short term. Nevertheless, the Arctic route could strengthen the resilience and diversification of China-Europe trade. Together with land-based routes such as the China-Europe Railway Express, it could give China more options for transporting goods to European markets and reduce reliance on traditional southern maritime routes. Italian financial newspaper Il Sole 24 Ore described the route, dubbed the "Ice Silk Road," as a symbolic revival of the ancient trade links between East and West. As new shipping routes emerge across the Arctic, the geography of global trade may gradually be reshaped, giving international supply chains more options in an increasingly uncertain geopolitical environment. (By Gong Weiwei) 
。8月16日，上海至成都西的K1156次列车上，3名旅客实名制购买了6号车厢005号、006号、007号三个硬座席位车票，其中2名旅客检票乘车并按席位号就座，将零食放置到1名未检票乘车旅客车票所对应的006号空闲席位。
C | 途中，该车厢一名持无座席号车票的旅客希望在006号空闲席位就座，并请求列车员协调，列车员在核实购票和席位情况后，建议旅客双方自行协商解决。
8月21日，国铁成都局对此事发布情况说明，结合《中华人民共和国民法典》《铁路旅客运输规程》等法律法规作出专业法律界定：旅客购票后未检票上车，视为该旅客不行使本次列车运行区段内的席位使用权;基于合同相对性原理和铁路旅客运输规则，该席位也不能由第三方占用和处置。有特殊需求应当向列车工作人员报备，由工作人员现场协调处置。 旅客未检票乘车
视为不行使席位使用权利
国铁成都局发布情况说明后，再次引发舆论争议，有不少网友发文支持这两名女孩，认为车票是花钱买的消费权益，购票人有权自由支配座位。另有一些网友则支持无座旅客，认为火车座位属于公共交通资源，客流紧张时闲置座位是一种浪费，买票旅客没上车，座位应该重新分配给无座票乘客或者补票乘客。对此，国铁集团相关负责人也作出了进一步表态。 国铁集团企法部合规管理处处长焦德贵介绍，根据《中华人民共和国民法典》、交通运输部《铁路旅客运输规程》《铁路旅客车票实名制管理办法》以及国铁集团铁路旅客运输规则等法律法规和规定，旅客购票后由于自身原因未检票乘车，视为该旅客不行使席位使用权利。 过去，火车开车后，没赶上车的旅客车票作废。而现在，列车开车后，未检票乘车的旅客可享受免费改签当日24时前车次车票等权利，不再享有自由支配原座位的权利。 焦德贵表示，如果支持购票人可以支配座位的观点，理论上这名旅客购买一张车票，可以享受两张车票的权利，一张是未检票上车仍可支配的空闲席位，另一张是开车后改签的车票，这不但是对公共资源的浪费，会形成负面示范效应，可能引发更多一人购买多张车票占座的行为，这是不合理的。 有特殊需求 能否多购买车票?
那么旅客如有特殊需求，是否可以购买多于乘车人数的车票呢?
国铁集团客运部客运管理处处长郑铎介绍，旅客如因自身疾病或陪护病人等特殊需求，可购买多于实际乘车人数的车票乘车，比如，2人出行，一人陪伴一名病人，需要3张车票空间，便于病人躺卧或放置医用器械，可以在购票时用3张身份证件购买3张车票，但上车后向列车工作人员说明，工作人员会提供重点旅客服务，也会协助对其他旅客进行解释。 车票处置权属于购票人
而不是同行人
也有网友提出异议，认为该规则在权责上不对等，购票人已经完成付费，未检票并不代表铁路部门已经完成退款，在票款没有退回的前提下，直接剥夺购票人的席位权益是否有失公允?如果说未检票乘车产生的空闲席位，被安排给站票旅客使用，那原旅客在中途站又上车了怎么办?这个座位是归站票旅客继续使用，还是归原旅客使用呢?
焦德贵表示，根据相关法律和规定，旅客自支付购票款起，即建立了与承运企业间的客运服务合同关系。
D | 旅客没有检票乘车，放弃运行区段的席位使用权利，后续还有改签等权利。这个权利均是旅客本人，而不是同行人，哪怕这个同行人是其亲人和为其购票付款的人，也无权处置旅客的空闲席位。 铁路部门表示，旅客由于自身原因未检票乘车，形成旅客不行使列车正在运行区段该席位使用权的客观事实，即席位出现空闲，此时如有无座票旅客有就座需求，可以使用或找工作人员进行协调临时就座。 郑铎表示，在原旅客退票或者改签前，铁路部门不会对此车票再次出售。但要注意的是，无座票旅客是临时就座，如果原旅客中途上车，仍拥有该席位的使用权，可以找工作人员请临时就座的旅客离开，原旅客在此就座。
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