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IOC suspends Russian Olympic Committee for incorporating Ukrainian sports regions_我的网站

A |     近日，某知名女艺人在社交平台上分享的“碳循环减肥法”迅速走红，很多人都要组群跟着减，但这样快速减肥，伤身体，太易反弹，可别学。

B | 什么是“碳循环减肥法”？这个方法为什么减得这么快，是否伤身？以及长远来看，这种减肥方法是不是有优势？如何科学减重？图源：卡乐图片 摄影/宁颖01减得快是因为能量亏空大又低碳专家表示，“碳循环减肥法”是指在一段时间内，通过调整每日摄入的碳水量，设定“高碳水日”和“低碳水日”，并循环进行。    GENEVA -- After nearly 20 months of waging war in Ukraine, Russia was suspended by the IOC on Thursday for a land grab in sports administration.The International Olympic Committee's executive board imposed the suspension on the Russian Olympic Committee for a breach of the Olympic Charter — a book of rules and principles for international sports bodies — by incorporating sports councils in four regions in eastern Ukraine.Russian Olympic officials provoked the dispute last week by accepting the councils in Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia as its members.“(This) unilateral decision,” the International Olympic Committee said in a statement from Mumbai, India, “constitutes a breach of the Olympic Charter because it violates the territorial integrity of the NOC of Ukraine, as recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in accordance with the Olympic Charter.”The suspension does not immediately affect any Russians who are returning to compete in international sporting events as neutral athletes. However, it did suggest rising frustration from the IOC and its president, Thomas Bach, who can ultimately decide to impose a blanket ban on all Russian athletes from next year's Paris Olympics."(The IOC) reserves the right to decide about the participation of individual neutral athletes with a Russian passport in the Olympic Games Paris 2024 and the Olympic Winter Games Milano Cortina 2026 at the appropriate time,” the IOC said.The Russian Olympic Committee criticized the IOC for “another counterproductive decision with obvious political motivations.”However, the IOC under Bach has often been seen as too sympathetic to Russia during a decade-long doping scandal by never excluding all the country's athletes and teams from any Olympics despite proven allegations of state-backed cheating and tampering with evidence.The latest decision by the IOC board comes seven months after it publicly supported Russian athletes by advising governing bodies of Olympic sports to find ways of including them in qualifying events for the Paris Games.That IOC policy to ease a blanket ban was in defiance of calls from Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy and many Ukrainian athletes to maintain the exclusion of athletes from Russia and Belarus.Those vetting processes by different sports will continue despite the IOC suspension imposed Thursday, which does not affect Belarus.“The suspension of the national Olympic committee doesn’t affect in any way the participation of independent athletes,” IOC spokesman Mark Adams said at a news conference after the board meeting.Adams said the Russian Olympic Committee had been informed of its suspension before the IOC announced it publicly.Russia remains excluded from international events in team sports, despite a short-lived and failed attempt this month by European soccer body UEFA to put Russian under-17 teams into qualifying groups for their European Championship.The new ban removes the right of the ROC to get funding from the Switzerland-based IOC, which is worth millions of dollars in each four-year Olympic funding cycle. Russian officials reportedly have been weighing legal action to access the money that was not being paid during the war.The Russian Olympic Committee can challenge the IOC decision at the Court of Arbitration for Sport in Lausanne, Switzerland.“ROC, as a participant in the international sports movement, reserves the right to protect its own interests, as well as the interests of athletes and organizations of a sovereign country, which we represent in good faith,” the Russian Olympic body said.___AP coverage of the Paris Olympics: https://apnews.com/hub/2024-paris-olympic-games。图源网络这是该艺人的碳循环食谱，大致计算每天能量的话，第1、2、3、4天的能量分别是：465千卡、180千卡、81千卡、690千卡（甜玉米），4天能量加起来是1416千卡。如果不运动，还要饥饿感不明显地减肥，专业上推荐女性每天摄入1400千卡能量，这就是说她4天才摄入了咱们正常减肥1天的能量，这么狠狠地饿当然瘦得快。另外这妥妥的低碳就是会让人瘦得快，因为：低碳时我们的身体会先动用肝糖原供能，糖原供能释放出的水会排出体外，这会掉体重。碳水摄入少了，还会降低胰岛素的分泌，胰岛素本来是促进脂肪合成，抑制脂肪分解，它的水平降低了，反过来就会促进脂肪分解，于是体重又掉了。此外，严格控碳时，身体会分解脂肪供能，少了碳水化合物的帮忙，脂肪分解就会产生酮体，酮体一方面能增加饱腹感，减少能量摄入，另一方面它又会携带着一些能量，通过尿液排出体外，这又会降体重。再有，严格控碳身体也不完全是由酮体供能，体内的甘油和蛋白质也会转化成部分葡萄糖去供能。如果摄入的蛋白不够用（第1天和第2天摄入的蛋白分别是45克、34.8克，都没有达到女性需要的55克，第3天和第4天蛋白更是极低），身体就会动用肌肉的蛋白，于是肌肉就流失了，这又降了体重。这个碳循环法短期瘦得快，除了减脂肪，还减了很多水和肌肉。02低碳饮食易暴食还伤身低碳饮食虽然短期瘦得快，可是长期来看，它跟其他减肥方法比，减肥效果基本上没差异，可怕的是，严格控制碳水，还容易暴食碳水。2015年，某公司进行过一次实验性质的项目。他们想做健康管理，就请了美国的一个实践低碳饮食的博士，然后拿6个高管做实验，看看他们能不能通过低碳饮食瘦下来。在饮食和运动指导下，三个月后大家瘦了12斤到18斤不等。

C | 但是他们都特别想吃面包、米饭、面条、糕点这些高碳水的食物，于是这个项目也就不了了之，所以为了回头不暴食碳水，也不建议严格控制碳水减肥。另外，严格控制碳水到生酮的程度，短期内也可能会引起疲劳、头痛、恶心、便秘、脱水，还有高甘油三酯血症、高尿酸血症、高胆固醇血症这些问题，长期也可能会使骨密度降低，容易患心血管疾病。北京健康科普专家左小霞指出，虽然“碳循环减肥法”可能对部分人有效，但它并不是一种适合所有人的减肥方法。这种方法需要根据个人的身体状况、生活习惯和运动强度来调整，盲目跟风可能会带来健康风险。儿童、孕妇及哺乳期妇女，或患有贫血、糖尿病等疾病的人群不宜尝试。03科学减重的6个要点专家建议，科学减肥应该基于均衡饮食和适量运动的原则，注重营养的全面性和身体活动的重要性。

D | （1）控制总能量摄入建立一个合理的低能量饮食计划，每天减少300-500千卡的能量摄入。同时，注意保持营养均衡，确保身体所需的各种营养素都能得到满足（2）合理搭配饮食在控制总能量的基础上，注意摄入适量的脂肪、优质碳水化合物和蛋白质。选择健康的脂肪来源，如橄榄油，减少饱和脂肪和反式脂肪的摄入。同时，确保足够的优质蛋白质摄入，如鱼虾、瘦肉和豆制品。（3）增加膳食纤维多吃绿叶菜、低糖水果、全谷物，豆类和薯类，这些食物不仅能提供丰富的膳食纤维，还能增加饱腹感，帮助控制食欲。

E | 建议每天摄入300-500克蔬菜和200-350克低糖水果。（4）注意餐食分配合理安排三餐（也可以在控制碳水总量的前提下少食多餐），避免晚餐过量。早中晚餐的热量比例可以按照30%、40%、30%来分配，晚餐尽量在睡前3小时完成。（5）适量运动结合有氧运动和力量训练，每周至少进行4-5次运动，每次持续30分钟以上。运动可以提高新陈代谢率，帮助燃烧更多的卡路里。（6）注意微量元素的摄入暴食或节食都容易引发“隐性饥饿”导致营养摄入不均衡，从而影响新陈代谢，所以需要适当补充维生素和矿物质。04优质碳水推荐全谷物和杂豆都是优质碳水的来源，下面这6种主食特别推荐给大家。图源：卡乐图片 摄影/贾琼（1）杂粮饭 要想杂粮饭口感不糙，杂粮的配比里可以多一些燕麦米、青稞米，它们富含的β-葡聚糖，可以吸水膨胀，口感就是滑溜感的。也可以配料里多一些杂豆比如红小豆、鹰嘴豆、白芸豆，它们焖出的饭口感绵软。还可以买配好的杂粮包，就是一包里有多种杂粮，省得每种杂粮都买再配了。（2）全麦脆它是全谷物烘焙压制的，买的时候要看配料，选没有额外加糖的。

F | 可以用牛奶泡着吃，或者蘸酸奶吃。（3）玉米甜玉米或糯玉米都行的，一根350克的甜玉米能量约是230千卡，可以作为减肥女性一顿的主食；一根净含量是200克的糯玉米，能量大概是338千卡-370千卡，减肥女性作为一顿主食，就吃多半根。（4）燕麦片选压片更完整的，相对升血糖慢一些，减肥女性作为一顿主食，建议吃50克-60克，然后搭配上1个西红柿或黄瓜，再来一包牛奶和1个鸡蛋，就是营养非常完美的早餐了。

G | （5）燕麦麸燕麦麸是燕麦的皮和糊粉层部分，跟燕麦片比，含有更多的 β-葡聚糖；β-葡聚糖可以吸水膨胀，所以吃燕麦麸饱腹感更强，另外跟燕麦皮比，它的维生素 B1、B2 含量也更丰富，减肥女性将其完全作为一顿主食，也是建议吃 50~60 克左右。（6）全麦面包选配料里全麦粉含量≥50%，没有额外加糖，脂肪含量也不高的。来源：透视社综合央广网、“科普中国”微信公众号报道责编：李煦、廖明娟（实习）制作：刘淞菱校对：李旭颖审核：龚紫陌。

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